An Intelligent Energy-Efficient Clustering Technique to Maximize Wireless Sensor Network Lifetime

A wireless sensor network (WSN) is an environment monitoring network that collects and transmits data wirelessly to the base station. Due to their inability to be recharged or replaced, sensors face battery constraints. Considering how much energy is wasted by sensors in WSN, this is one of the most popular research topics in WSN. Protocols for improving energy efficiency have been developed to improve the network's energy dissipation and, ultimately, its lifetime. An energy-efficient and throughputenhancing clustering technique is presented in this paper, which is superior to existing protocols based on LEACH. A cluster head in LEACH elected from a cluster that includes nodes with small residual energy will lead to an early death of the network, which will adversely affect its efficiency. The proposed clustering technique, on the other hand, uses the remaining energy of the sensor to make the sensor a cluster head. The base station finds the shortest path between the cluster heads. Through this compound, power dissipation is reduced, which contributes to a longer network lifespan and higher throughput. According to simulations performed with the NS3 simulator, the proposed clustering technique achieves higher network lifetime and throughput compared to some recent clustering protocols, i.e. LEACH, BCE-LEACH, and MO-LEACH.