Conceptual Design and Model Tests for a Mid-Water Floating Hyperloop Tunnel

Aviation has a significant impact on the global emission of greenhouse gasses. On the Northern Atlantic route alone there are over 2,500 crossings daily. This illustrates the high demand for connecting people. It is expected that this demand will only increase in the future, which will increase the emissions due to aviation even further. An alternative way for connecting people can be the hyperloop, which obtains comparable speeds while using a fraction of the energy. For intercontinental connections a tunnel would be necessary. In this study, a conceptual design of a mid-water floating hyperloop tunnel is made and tested on model scale at MARIN. In the present paper the results are discussed of model tests on a mid-water floating tunnel in Atlantic storm conditions at various wave directions and tunnel depths. The conceptual design of the tunnel is based on (nearly) available technology. One kilometer tunnel segments with a diameter of 11 m are connected to construct a tunnel length of > 5,000 km. Model basin tests are performed on scale 1:110, where a scale model of 140 m length is tested. The tunnel is designed as a neutral buoyant tunnel to reduce complexity and costs for the mooring system. The motions, deformations and mooring line tensions for the tunnel segments are measured by force transducers, accelerometers and an optical measurement system. Due to flexibility of the slender tunnel segments in combination with a soft mooring system, the tunnel tends to following the incoming waves for certain tunnel depths and wave directions. Only small motions and deformations are allowed for a hyperloop capsule to travel on high speed. The conceptual tests show first results on tunnel depth, structural and geometrical design of an hyperloop tunnel and mooring system.