ON THE INTELLECTUAL CONTEXT OF CHARLES SANDERS PEIRCE’S CONCEPT OF SYNECHISM

This article discusses the main aspects, concepts and categories of Charles Peirce's philosophy in the context of synechism in order to provide an intellectual context to the article «Immortality in the light of synechism». The text is divided into parts devoted to Peirce's biography, synechism and faneroscopy, tihism, abduction and agapism, as well as to how Peirce's conceptual apparatus is currently used in the academic discourse. The article aims to familiarize the reader with the basic concepts of Peirce's philosophical project and to provide an intellectual context for his concept of synechism. The article presents the main biographical facts that can give the most accurate idea of Peirce’s personality, his academic career and of difficulties, associated with the study of his legacy. There are examples of how Peirce's conceptual apparatus is embedded in modern philosophical and methodological discourses. Pierce's synechism and his entire philosophical project show how a rigorous logic and scientific methodology exist in close interconnection with general philosophical problems and methodology. Peirce's scientific discoveries are inseparable from his ontological research. His synechysitic project is inherently such a conceptual apparatus that is designed to overcome the methodological limitations associated with discontinuity and mechanistic approach towards the world: synechism provides a view that would include subject-object relations in scientific knowledge, and would also include the problem of the dependence of the object on the subject not only in philosophy and humanitarian knowledge, but also in social and exact sciences, that is, in those areas where the rigor of the scientific method is welcomed. At the same time, in the context of the Cartesian project revision Peirce's synechism can be considered as a solution to the problem of the interaction of extending matter and non-extending mind. Synechism offers a synthesis between extending matter and mind, since synechism offers the extension and connectedness of both mind and matter. Thus, indirectly, not the abolition of dualism occurs, but a logical transformation that overcomes the opposition. On the other hand, in relation to the problem of mind-body separateness, synechism is a concept that is designed to cancel it, since synechism considers the continuity of everything as its foundation.