Taxonomy and Modeling of Impersonation in e-Border Authentication

Impersonation is a phenomenon of biometric-enabled authentication machines. The focus of this paper is authentication machines for border crossing applications (e-borders). A novel taxonomy of impersonation and seven impersonation strategies for border crossing control applications are proposed. We identify conditions for impersonation and reinforced factors for various scenarios of e-border crossing automation. A demonstrative experiment using a Dempster-Shafer approach to the detection of impersonation phenomena is introduced. This lays a foundation for the study of the vulnerabilities of e-borders to the specified impersonation strategies.