解开编织在夏洛特Brontë的维莱特的秘密的身体/心灵回响

Francisco José Cortés Vieco
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摘要

夏洛特Brontë的维莱特(1853)的普遍心理现实主义挑战了基于她的传记或她对维多利亚医学话语的灌输的学术假设,因为它探讨了功能失调的身体/精神相互关系,特别是那些证明父权压力和对女性的偏见的证据。在她的女主人公露西的伪装下,作者成为医生和患有不明原因的女性疾病的病人。这篇文章试图证明,作者不是以叙事的方式揭开她的生物过去的创伤,而是隐藏它的本质,以保护她的亲密关系,她关注她的危机后果的边缘,通过持续困扰她生活的身心障碍来展示其严重性:抑郁症,神经性厌食症和自杀行为。Brontë的文学秘密游击的目的,同时,以一个明确的诊断来掩盖和揭示露西临床病例的核心:一个有害的,神秘的事件,从她的童年/青春期,其回响在她成年后反复爆发,危及她的生存。这位不可靠但“清醒”的女主人公成为了她的创造者的达盖尔版照片,将生活描绘成一段悲伤、疲惫的旅程,在这里,职业的自我实现——不是爱情或婚姻——变成了从过去磨难中最终恢复的疗法,这在露西身上从未成功得到证实,露西是维多利亚时代英国女性气质的典范:贫穷、孤独的中产阶级女性
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Unravelling the Body/Mind Reverberations of Secrets Woven into Charlotte Brontë’s Villette
Abstract The pervasive psychological realism of Charlotte Brontë’s Villette (1853) challenges scholarly assumptions based on her biography or her indoctrination to Victorian medical discourses, as it explores dysfunctional body/mind interrelations, particularly those evidencing patriarchal pressures and prejudices against women. Under the guise of her heroine Lucy, the author becomes both the physician and the patient suffering from a female malady of unnamed origin. This article intends to prove that, instead of narratively unravelling her creature’s past trauma with healing purposes, the author conceals its nature to protect her intimacy and she focuses on the periphery of her crisis aftermath to demonstrate its severity by means of the psychosomatic disorders that persistently haunt her life: depression, anorexia nervosa and suicidal behavior. Brontë’s literary guerrilla of secrecy aims, simultaneously, to veil and unveil the core of Lucy’s clinical case with an unequivocal diagnosis: a harmful, mysterious event from her childhood/adolescence, whose reverberations repeatedly erupt during her adulthood and endanger her survival. Unreliable but “lucid”, this heroine becomes the daguerreotype of her creator to portray life as a sad, exhausting journey, where professional self-realisation - not love or marriage - turns into the ultimate recovery therapy from past ordeals, never successfully confirmed in the case of Lucy, who epitomises a paradigm of femininity in Victorian England: the impoverished, solitary, middle-class woman
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