Dynamic Models of Synchronous Machines

This chapter focuses to develop positive‐sequence synchronous machine models suitable for dynamic simulation of power system disturbances. A synchronous machine subject to a 3‐phase fault exhibits a variety of time responses in different time scales, namely, the transient and subtransient effects, as it settles to a new steady state after the fault is cleared. The chapter discusses how to interface the detailed synchronous machine model to the power network, and how to develop a linearized synchronous machine model. The generator terminal voltages are developed using the states from the synchronous machine dynamic model. The linearization of power systems with subtransient generator models will increase the dimensions of the state variables and the system matrix. The chapter shows the systematic reduction of the 2‐axis model to simpler models, including the flux‐decay model and the electromechanical model. It should be noted that finite‐element methods have been proposed to compute the machine parameters.