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引用次数: 8
摘要
“有些东西是钱买不到的。”公民身份也在其中吗?在为《牛津公民手册》(Oxford Handbook of Citizenship)撰写的文章中,沙查尔教授通过强调与现金换护照计划激增相关的核心法律和道德难题,探讨了这个问题。这些新项目的推广是过去几十年公民实践中最重要的发展之一。它考验着我们对于个人与其所属的政治共同体之间关系的意义和属性的最深刻的直觉。本章指出了越来越多的国家“出售”他们的签证和护照所采用的主要策略,有选择地向世界上的高净值人士打开了他们原本紧闭的大门。然后,讨论从积极的角度转向规范的角度,阐述了支持和反对出售公民身份的主要论点。沙查尔提请注意这些发展在本地和全球的分布和政治影响,并确定了更深层次的力量,这些力量导致了规范入会的国家-市场边界的不断考验、模糊和侵蚀。
“There are some things that money can’t buy.” Is citizenship among them? In her contribution to the Oxford Handbook of Citizenship, Professor Shachar explores this question by highlighting the core legal and ethical puzzles associated with the surge in cash-for-passport programs. The spread of these new programs is one of the most significant developments in citizenship practice in the past few decades. It tests our deepest intuitions about the meaning and attributes of the relationship between the individual and the political community to which she belongs. This chapter identifies the main strategies employed by a growing number of states putting their visas and passports “for sale,” selectively opening their otherwise bolted gates of admission to the high-net-worth individuals of the world. Moving from the positive to the normative, the discussion then elaborates the main arguments in favor of, as well as against, citizenship-for-sale. Shachar draws attention to the distributive and political implications of these developments, both locally and globally, and identifies the deeper forces at work that contribute to the perpetual testing, blurring, and erosion of the state-market boundary regulating access to membership.