Active Cell Balancing with DC/DC Converter for Electric Vehicle

Greenhouse gases and global warming are severe issues for the living on earth and the main factor of these issues is the emission of harmful gases from fossil fuel or petroleum-used vehicles. Thus, the electric vehicle is proposed and commercialized to cut down the use of fossil fuel vehicles. However, the problem of battery cell imbalance of the electric vehicle leads to unsatisfactory and critical bad impacts on the battery lifespan and operating duration, in turn, reducing the public interest in electric vehicles. This paper discussed and proposed the solution to the cell unbalanced issue by utilizing the active cell balancing methods based on the Buck-Boost DC/DC Converter topologies with the integration of several closed-loop control systems and algorithms on the serially connected Lithium-Ion (Li-ion) battery cells in this work. The proposed cell balancing system is tested under a constant load test. Eventually, the proposed model managed to bring all the cells to a balanced state with a nearly similar State of Charge (SOC) for all the cells. MATLAB/Simulink is used for the development of this simulation model.