An Optimization Based Approach for Peak Shaving and Phase Balancing of Unbalanced Radial Distribution System by Peak Load Clustering

Energy that we consume are mostly served from fossil fuel although it largely pollutes environment and has limited available reserve. Domestic use of electricity is considerable one among all major sectors of electricity consumption. This large amount of fossil fuel usage is being replaced by renewable energy resources (e.g. photovoltaic, wind etc.) which can be placed locally at the consumer premises. Thus penetration of renewables can gradually reduce the dominance of using energy from fossil fuel. Research is being carried out on the effect of penetration of renewable energy resources with energy storages. Aim of all these research is to check the potential of these penetrations along with achieving minimum losses and maximum benefits to the system. A similar kind of analysis has been performed here on European Low Voltage Test Feeder. This is on the basis of achievable reduction in peak demand and three phase load balancing to the utility at the secondary side of substation transformer. In this context, an approach of tracking and addressing power injection to the peak load concentration hourly by dynamic cluster formations throughout the network have been used. Optimization of multiple relevant objectives has been performed to validate the compatibility of active and reactive power injection at different hour of the day by domestic consumers into the system. Also, based on feasible power injection at consumer ends, photovoltaic energy penetration and aggregate capacity of energy storages in the whole network have been determined.