复合膨润土-铁磁粉的胶体化学合成

V. A. Bohatyrenko, D. Kamenskyh, V. Yevdokymenko, O. Andreieva, M. O. Olyanovska
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摘要

本文讨论了溶胶-化学法制备抗氧化稳定的分散复合膨润土铁磁粉的方法。结果表明,采用含高粘土矿物蒙脱土的酸活化膨润土是可行的。改性膨润土是一种微非晶化的二氧化硅产物,可作为针铁矿α-FeOOH结晶的多孔基质。针铁矿的形成发生在结晶中心——在用氨溶液从氢氧化铁(ІІІ) FeO(OH)×nH2O胶体溶液中沉淀过程中,水合铁颗粒被活化膨润土(Fh)稳定。在合成的复合材料中,由于双层氢氧化物和活化膨润土的结构相互渗透,针铁矿颗粒被胶结在活化分散粘土的铝硅酸盐框架中。在活化膨润土结构中主要形成磁铁矿和可能形成磁铁矿的针铁矿的进一步再结晶是通过添加金属铁粉的复合针铁矿粉的热烧来实现的。红外光谱、x射线结构分析、电子显微镜和磁性能研究表明,制备的复合粉体具有环境友好性和软磁材料的特性。由于其低毒性和高饱和磁化值,这种粉末有望用作环境清洁的吸附剂,以及生物医学用途。
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Colloidal-chemical synthesis of composite bentonite - ferromagnetic powder
In this paper it is discussed the colloidal-chemical method of synthesis of dispersed composite bentonite-ferromagnetic powders that are stable to oxidation. It is shown that for this purpose it is advisable to use acid-activated bentonite clay with a high content of clay mineral - montmorillonite. Modified bentonite is a slightly amorphized silica product that serves as a porous matrix for crystallization of goethite α-FeOOH. The formation of goethite occurs at the centers of crystallization - particles of ferrihydrite stabilized by activated bentonite (Fh) during precipitation with an ammonia solution from a ferrum(ІІІ) hydroxide FeO(OH)×nH2O colloidal solution. In the resulting composite, goethite particles are cemented in the aluminosilicate framework of activated dispersed clay as a result of the interpenetration of the structures of the double layered hydroxide and activated bentonite. Further recrystallization of goethite with the formation of mainly magnetite and possibly maghemite in the structure of activated bentonite is provided by thermal firing of composite goethite powder with the addition of metallic iron powder. The methods of IR spectroscopy, X-ray structural analysis, electron microscopy and the study of magnetic properties showed that the obtained composite powder is environmentally friendly and exhibits the properties of a soft magnetic material. Such powders are promising for use as sorbents for environmental cleaning, as well as for biomedical purposes due to their low toxicity and high value of saturation magnetization.
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