The Special Requirements of RepU Recycling from Radiation Protection Viewpoint

Reprocessed uranium (RepU) recycling can effectively reduce the amount of radioactive waste from spent nuclear fuel and improve the utilization efficiency of uranium resources as a supplement to the fissile material of natural uranium. However, three uranium isotopes produced and accumulated in the reactor may present problems in RepU recycling. They are ${}^{232}\mathbf{U}$, whose daughter products are $\beta$ and $\gamma$ rays emitters, ${}^{234}\mathbf{U}$ as $\boldsymbol{\alpha}$ rays emitters, and ${}^{236}\mathbf{U}$ as neutron absorbers, respectively. These nuclides put forward higher radiation protection requirements for the facilities and equipment in the RepU recycling process. By combining the nuclides characteristics of RepU and uranium processing procedures, and experiences learned from advanced countries that are experienced and specialized in utilizing RepU,this paper summarizes the special requirements for RepU recycling. Furthermore, it suggests the main processes during RepU recycling, including uranium conversion, enrichment, and fuel assembly fabrication from a radiation protection standpoint, which promotes RepU recycling in China and reduces ionizing hazards to an acceptable level.