Thermal degradation, flammability, and potential toxicity of polymer nanocomposites

Abstract: Many new nanomaterial-based products have been developed recently, due to advances in nanotechnology. These are designed to offer new functionalities or to modify existing products. This chapter examines the thermal degradation and flammability of various nanocomposite polymers and the potential risks of burning them. Different fire scenarios have been simulated with a cone calorimeter coupled with FTIR, condensation nuclei counter (CNC) analysers, and/or cascade impactors in order to produce aerosols emitted at different radiation levels and flammable atmospheres. The testing conditions and influential parameters are presented. Combinations of pristine ultrafine particles with soot or other ultrafine particles during thermal degradation can directly affect human health. Hence, more research is needed into the morphology and composition of the released nano-objects and ultrafine particles.