Thinned concentric hexagonal antenna array synthesis using Craziness based Particle Swarm Optimization

This paper describes optimal thinning of Concentric Hexagonal Array (CHA) of uniformly excited isotropic antennas which can generate directive beam with minimum relative Side Lobe Level (SLL). The Craziness Based Particle Swarm Optimization (CRPSO) method, which represents a new approach for optimization problems in electromagnetics, is used in the optimization process. The CRPSO is used to determine an optimal set of `ON-OFF' elements that provide a radiation pattern with maximum SLL reduction. The simulation results show that the number of antenna array elements can be brought down to 60% of total isotropic elements with simultaneous reduction in SLL with an approximately fixed first null beam width (FNBW). Conventional Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) is also adopted to compare the results of above CRPSO.