颌面区域的运动自动性:讲座

K. B. Petrov, N. A. Ivonina, T. V. Mitichkina
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摘要

介绍。模拟肌、咀嚼肌、舌肌和咽肌外周和中枢麻痹的有效运动治疗需要深入研究这些肌肉在规范和病理上的协同工作特征。使康复专家熟悉臂面部运动自动性,并展示其实际应用的原则。材料和方法。我们研究了70多篇关于颌面区域和邻近区域肌肉不随意活动的文献,并总结了我们自己在周围面神经病变和球和假球综合征患者康复方面的经验。研究表明,面部、颈部和手臂参与各种中脑-球自动性,包括正常的(个体发生和心身联合运动,体位-眼和体位-下颌反射)和病理性的(躯干眼-面联合运动,口腔自动反射),比其他身体部位密切得多。除面部运动亢进外,所有这些症状均可作为优化臂面部运动障碍运动疗法的基础。面部、颈部和手与多种干性和皮层下自动性密切相关。物理治疗师对正在康复的身体部位现有的或潜在可用的反射活动的特征越熟悉,康复治疗就越有效。面部、颈部和手臂与各种茎和皮层下自同构密切相关。在运动治疗中,医生或指导老师对身体部分现有的或潜在的反射活动了解得越透彻,康复治疗就越有效。
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Motoric Automatisms of the Maxillofacial Region: a Lecture
INTRODUCTION. Effective kinesitherapy of peripheral and central paralysis of the mimic, masticatory, lingual and pharyngeal muscles requires in-depth study of the features of the cooperative work of these muscles in the norm and in pathology. AIM. To acquaint rehabilitation specialists with motor automatisms of the brachiofacial area and show the principles of their practical use. MATERIAL AND METHODS. We studied more than 70 literature sources on involuntary activity of the maxillofacial region and adjacent regions muscles as well as we summarized our own experience in rehabilitation of patients with peripheral facial neuropathies and with bulbar and pseudobulbar syndromes RESULTS AND DISCUSSION. The study showed that the face, neck, and arm are involved in various mesencephalic-bulbar automatisms, both normal (ontogenetic and psychosomatic synkinesia, postural-ocular and postural-mandibular reflexes) and pathological (trunk eye-facial synkinesia, oral automatic reflexes), much more closely than other body parts. All of them, with the exception of facial hyperkinesias, may serve as a basis for optimizing kinesitherapy methods for movement disorders of the brachiofacial region. CONCLUSION. The face, neck, and hand are closely involved in a variety of stem and subcortical automatisms. The better the physical therapist is familiar with the features of the existing or potentially available to the patient reflex activity in the part of the body being rehabilitated, the more effective the rehabilitation treatment will be. The face, neck and arm are closely involved in a variety of stem and subcortical automorphisms. The better a doctor or an instructor in exercise therapy is acquainted with the reflex activity present or potentially available in the part of the body to be rehabilitated, the more effective the rehabilitation treatment will be.
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