Evaluation of Ambient Air Quality Ranking in Harbin Based on Principal Component Analysis and Comprehensive Score Method

This research uses the principal component comprehensive score approach to rank and evaluate the ambient air quality of the Harbin urban area and administrative region during the last two years in a more scientific and rational manner. After analyzing the ambient air quality data from 2020 to 2021 by SPSS26.0, the results show that the top five districts in the comprehensive score of ambient air quality are Fangzheng County, Bin County, Tonghe County, Wuchang City, and Mulan County. The last five districts are Nangang District, Xiangfang District, Daoli District, Daowai District, and Pingfang district. This method gives weight to the evaluation indicators to make the indicators with more significant impact factors play a more prominent role in the evaluation. Moreover, it removes redundant information in the indicators and makes the assessment results more scientific and reasonable. Significantly, the research can also be extended to the ranking evaluation of various environmental elements, providing a new idea for formulating assessment and evaluation policies of ecological environment quality.