利用水力试验数据和瑞典裂缝测绘案例研究对可灌浆性进行统计评估

Edward Runslätt, J. Thörn, Å. Fransson, Sara Kvartsberg
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摘要

瑞典对允许地下水下入有严格的环境要求,在硬结晶岩体岩体裂隙注浆领域有着悠久的研究历史。这些要求通常意味着孔径在50到100 μm之间的裂缝需要密封,在这个范围内,胶凝注浆剂的颗粒尺寸成为限制因素。因此,在注浆设计中,考虑岩体的孔径分布,以预测胶结和非胶结注浆剂的可注浆性是很重要的。水力测试(水压测试)的透射率数据和沿井眼的裂缝数量可以通过岩心测井进行评估,进一步用作裂缝数据的统计解释输入,以模拟孔径大小分布。瑞典哥德堡查尔姆斯理工大学提出了一种方法。该方法是一种基于Pareto分布的可采性统计评价方法。开发了一种计算设计工具,以简化统计评估的使用,并使注浆行业的最终用户、设计人员更容易进行研究。本文的目的是介绍两个案例研究,其中使用计算设计工具对断裂数据进行统计解释,以及结果如何在寻找更精确的注浆设计中发挥重要作用。案例研究包括来自瑞典两个大型基础设施岩石隧道项目的裂缝数据集;斯德哥尔摩的一条公路隧道和哥德堡的一条铁路隧道。
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Statistical Evaluation of Groutability Using Data from Hydraulic Tests and Fracture Mapping Case Studies from Sweden
Sweden has a long history of research within the field of rock fissure grouting in hard crystalline rock mass due to strict environmental requirements regarding allowable ground water draw down. These requirements normally implies that fractures down to aperture size between 50 to 100 μm needs to be sealed and within these ranges the size of the particles for cementitious grouting agents becomes a limiting factor. For a grouting design it is therefore of importance to consider the aperture size distribution of the rock mass in order to predict the groutability for both cementitious and non-cementitious grouting agents. Transmissivity data from hydraulic tests (water pressure tests) and number of fractures along a borehole can be assessed from core logging for further use as input for a statistical interpretation of fracture data to simulate an aperture size distribution. A methodology developed at Chalmers University of Technology in Gothenburg, Sweden, is proposed. The method is a statistical evaluation of groutability (SEG) and is based on the Pareto distribution. A computational design tool has been developed to simplify the use of the statistical evaluation and to make the research more accessible to end users, designers, in the grouting industry. The aim of this article is to present two case studies where the statistical interpretation of fracture data is performed by using the computational design tool and how the outcome can be of great use in finding a more accurate grouting design. The case studies include fracture data sets from two large infrastructure rock tunnel projects in Sweden; a road tunnel in Stockholm and a railroad tunnel in Gothenburg.
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