使用生物力学模拟后蹲和前蹲的姿势含义

G. Renganathan, H. Barnamehei, Poongavanam Palani, Y. Kurita
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摘要

深蹲是一种封闭的动力链运动,广泛用于力量和调节应用。这个练习也支持多种运动的准备。在物理康复中,深蹲被广泛用于强化疾病和激活肌肉伸肌。这项研究收集了5名健康、训练有素的人的3D动作捕捉数据。有损伤史的受试者被排除在外。本研究旨在探讨无负荷条件下前蹲和后蹲运动学变量的差异及其姿势变化。使用计算肌肉骨骼软件- OpenSim对运动学剖面进行分析。从统计结果来看,下半身关节的差异无统计学意义(p< 0.05),与上半身关节,尤其是脊柱的差异不显著(p >0.05)。前蹲时颈部、脊柱和肩部矢状面关节角峰值分别为-21.53度、16.22度和22.31度,后蹲时颈部、脊柱和肩部关节角峰值分别为-31.68度、9.19度和70.90度。进一步采用配对样本t检验进行统计学检验,显示膝关节、颈部、脊柱和肩部存在显著差异。因此,本研究区分了两种深蹲方式中关节角度的变化。深蹲技术的一个主要组成部分的存在已经被确定,它潜在地增加了价值,并有助于管理需要康复技术的患者的需求。本研究中分析的变量有助于确定其他参数,这些参数有助于对专用姿势恢复方案进行定性和定量分析,包括将深蹲作为规定练习的一部分。
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Postural Implications of Back and Front squat using Biomechanical simulation
Squat is a closed kinetic chain exercise widely used for strength and conditioning applications. This exercise also supports the preparedness for multiple sports. In Physical rehabilitation, squatting is widely incorporated to strengthen the disorders and activate the muscle extensors. This study collected 3D Motion capture data from 5 healthy, trained individuals. Subjects with a history of injury were excluded. The study aims to examine the difference in kinematic variables between Front and Back squats without load conditions and their postural changes. The Kinematic profile was analyzed using computational musculoskeletal software - OpenSim. Based on the statistical results, it is indicated that there is no significant difference in the lower body joints (p< 0.05), contradicting the upper body joints (p >0.05), especially the spine. The peak joint angle value for the neck, spine, and shoulder in the sagittal plane during the Front squat were -21.53, 16.22, and 22.31 degrees, and during the Back squat were -31.68, 9.19, and 70.90 degrees, respectively. Further statistical test was performed using the Paired sample t-test, indicating a significant difference in knee, neck, spine, and shoulder. Hence, this study differentiates the joint angle variation during the two squat styles. The existence of a dominant component in the squat technique has been identified which potentially adds value and helps in curating the needs of patients requiring rehabilitative techniques. The variables analyzed in this study help identify additional parameters that aid in the qualitative and quantitative analysis of a dedicated posture restoration scheme, including squatting as part of the prescribed exercises.
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