{"title":"彼得·b·杜斯(1922-2012)","authors":"T. Robbins","doi":"10.1017/S1461145713000114","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"![Graphic][1] \n\nPeter B. Dews is generally regarded as the ‘father’ of behavioural pharmacology and is especially famous for his early interactions with B. F. Skinner and the introduction of quantitative measurement to the discipline in the 1950s. He was British, being born in Yorkshire, and undertook early medical training at the University of Leeds. He worked under well-known pharmacologists in the UK such as Bain (Leeds), Burn (Oxford) and Gaddum (Manchester) before moving to the US on a Burroughs-Wellcome research fellowship to their facility in New York City where he produced his first major (and most cited) paper (Dews, 1953) on effects of amphetamine, nicotine, cocaine and other drugs on motor activity in mice. He then obtained a PhD at the University of Minnesota and worked at the Mayo Clinic, where he gained his tremendous expertise in statistics.\n\nHis career took a major step forwards when he moved to Otto Krayer's Department at Harvard, at which point his academic globe-trotting ceased and he spent the rest of his career developing what was to become an eminent laboratory there under his overall direction. His most influential visits to the experimental psychology laboratories at Harvard of Skinner and C. B. Ferster led to the invention of a new paradigm in behavioural pharmacology, which depended on the use of objectively measuring the patterning of operant behaviour over time, … \n\n(Email: twr2{at}cam.ac.uk)\n\n [1]: /embed/inline-graphic-1.gif","PeriodicalId":394244,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2013-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Peter B. Dews (1922–2012)\",\"authors\":\"T. Robbins\",\"doi\":\"10.1017/S1461145713000114\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"![Graphic][1] \\n\\nPeter B. Dews is generally regarded as the ‘father’ of behavioural pharmacology and is especially famous for his early interactions with B. F. Skinner and the introduction of quantitative measurement to the discipline in the 1950s. He was British, being born in Yorkshire, and undertook early medical training at the University of Leeds. He worked under well-known pharmacologists in the UK such as Bain (Leeds), Burn (Oxford) and Gaddum (Manchester) before moving to the US on a Burroughs-Wellcome research fellowship to their facility in New York City where he produced his first major (and most cited) paper (Dews, 1953) on effects of amphetamine, nicotine, cocaine and other drugs on motor activity in mice. He then obtained a PhD at the University of Minnesota and worked at the Mayo Clinic, where he gained his tremendous expertise in statistics.\\n\\nHis career took a major step forwards when he moved to Otto Krayer's Department at Harvard, at which point his academic globe-trotting ceased and he spent the rest of his career developing what was to become an eminent laboratory there under his overall direction. His most influential visits to the experimental psychology laboratories at Harvard of Skinner and C. B. Ferster led to the invention of a new paradigm in behavioural pharmacology, which depended on the use of objectively measuring the patterning of operant behaviour over time, … \\n\\n(Email: twr2{at}cam.ac.uk)\\n\\n [1]: /embed/inline-graphic-1.gif\",\"PeriodicalId\":394244,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"The International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology\",\"volume\":\"16 1\",\"pages\":\"0\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":0.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2013-04-01\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"The International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1017/S1461145713000114\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"\",\"JCRName\":\"\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"The International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S1461145713000114","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
摘要
[1] Peter B. Dews通常被认为是行为药理学的“父亲”,尤其以他与B. F. Skinner的早期互动以及在20世纪50年代将定量测量引入该学科而闻名。他是英国人,出生于约克郡,并在利兹大学接受了早期的医学培训。他曾在英国知名药理学家的指导下工作,如贝恩(Bain)(利兹)、伯恩(Burn)(牛津)和加达姆(Gaddum)(曼彻斯特),之后他以Burroughs-Wellcome的研究奖学金来到美国,在他们位于纽约的机构进行研究,在那里他发表了他的第一篇重要(也是被引用最多的)论文(Dews, 1953),研究安非他明、尼古丁、可卡因和其他药物对小鼠运动活动的影响。随后,他在明尼苏达大学获得博士学位,并在梅奥诊所工作,在那里他获得了统计学方面的丰富专业知识。当他搬到哈佛大学奥托·克莱耶的系时,他的职业生涯迈出了重要的一步,在这一点上,他停止了学术上的环球旅行,在他的总体指导下,他用余下的职业生涯发展了一个后来成为著名实验室的实验室。他对哈佛大学斯金纳(Skinner)和C. B. Ferster的实验心理学实验室最具影响力的访问导致了行为药理学新范式的发明,该范式依赖于使用客观测量随时间变化的操作性行为模式,[1]:/embed/inline-graphic-1.gif
![Graphic][1]
Peter B. Dews is generally regarded as the ‘father’ of behavioural pharmacology and is especially famous for his early interactions with B. F. Skinner and the introduction of quantitative measurement to the discipline in the 1950s. He was British, being born in Yorkshire, and undertook early medical training at the University of Leeds. He worked under well-known pharmacologists in the UK such as Bain (Leeds), Burn (Oxford) and Gaddum (Manchester) before moving to the US on a Burroughs-Wellcome research fellowship to their facility in New York City where he produced his first major (and most cited) paper (Dews, 1953) on effects of amphetamine, nicotine, cocaine and other drugs on motor activity in mice. He then obtained a PhD at the University of Minnesota and worked at the Mayo Clinic, where he gained his tremendous expertise in statistics.
His career took a major step forwards when he moved to Otto Krayer's Department at Harvard, at which point his academic globe-trotting ceased and he spent the rest of his career developing what was to become an eminent laboratory there under his overall direction. His most influential visits to the experimental psychology laboratories at Harvard of Skinner and C. B. Ferster led to the invention of a new paradigm in behavioural pharmacology, which depended on the use of objectively measuring the patterning of operant behaviour over time, …
(Email: twr2{at}cam.ac.uk)
[1]: /embed/inline-graphic-1.gif