Assessment of Genetic Biodiversity of Several Traits Using SSR Markers in Rice ( Oryza sativa L.)

A set of germplasm of ninety accessions of rice (Oryza sativa L.) were collected in Egypt to assess genetic biodiversity. Using SSR markers some specific quantitative trait loci associated with tolerance to abiotic stress, resistance to blast disease and enhance the grain yield were found. Phylogenic data was collected. Eight primers (RM 315, RM 318, RM 166, RM 302, RM 201, RM 234, RM 526 and RM 144) showed different polymorphism frequencies. The polymorphism was nearly 80 %. The size of detected fragments ranged from 105–325 bp. A total of 186 bands were scored from the amplification products with the ten SSR primers. Genetic diversity analyses were conducted on the basis of the scores with 176 unique bands. Phylogenic trees for the fifteen rice accessions from each group and subgroup were established according to the molecular data and based on ten SSRs. A marked genetic diversity was observed in the five groups and the origin genotypes from the five groups were (Sakha 101, IR 03N137, IR 83142-12, IR 87856-10-AJY-1-B, HHZ 12-Y4-DT1-Y2 and IR 1552), respectively which showed higher layers of diversity and hence can be used as donors for the effective conservation, utilization and providing favorable genes and valuable germplasm in rice breeding.