Synchrophasor-based adaptive controller design considering individual charging for interconnected smart grids stabilization

This paper demonstrates how to design an adaptable controller to charge plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs), considering an individual vehicle charging, in order to stabilize the interconnected smart grids embedded with the renewable energy supply, and alleviate the swing effect to the operation of controllable distributed generator in the system. To achieve these objectives, the Particle Swarm Optimization is adopted to explore the optimal parameters of the Proportional Integral (PI) controller. Moreover, this paper also shows how to utilize the Synchrophasor-based dynamic monitoring system for assessing stability considering renewable energy in the smart grids system. The potential for the practical utilization of the adaptive controller designed is evaluated and discussed at the end of the paper.