Exploiting Long-Term Temporal Cache Access Patterns for LRU Insertion Prioritization

In a CPU cache utilizing least recently used (LRU) replacement, cache sets manage a buffer which orders all cache lines in the set from LRU to most recently used (MRU). When a cache line is brought into cache, it is placed at the MRU and the LRU line is evicted. When re-accessed, a line is promoted to the MRU position. LRU replacement provides a simple heuristic to predict the optimal cache line to evict. However, LRU utilizes only simple, short-term access patterns. In this paper, we propose a method that uses a buffer called the history queue to record longer-term access-eviction patterns than the LRU buffer can capture. Using this information, we make a simple modification to LRU insertion policy such that recently-recalled blocks have priority over others. As lines are evicted, their addresses are recorded in a FIFO history queue. Incoming lines that have recently been evicted and now recalled (those in the history queue at recall time) remain in the MRU for an extended period of time as non-recalled lines entering the cache thereafter are placed below the MRU. We show that the proposed LRU insertion prioritization increases performance in single-threaded and multi-threaded workloads in simulations with simple adjustments to baseline LRU.