Sparse multivariate function recovery from values with noise and outlier errors

Error-correcting decoding is generalized to multivariate sparse rational function recovery from evaluations that can be numerically inaccurate and where several evaluations can have severe errors ("outliers"). The generalization of the Berlekamp-Welch decoder to exact Cauchy interpolation of univariate rational functions from values with faults is by Kaltofen and Pernet in 2012. We give a different univariate solution based on structured linear algebra that yields a stable decoder with floating point arithmetic. Our multivariate polynomial and rational function interpolation algorithm combines Zippel's symbolic sparse polynomial interpolation technique [Ph.D. Thesis MIT 1979] with the numeric algorithm by Kaltofen, Yang, and Zhi [Proc. SNC 2007], and removes outliers ("cleans up data") through techniques from error correcting codes. Our multivariate algorithm can build a sparse model from a number of evaluations that is linear in the sparsity of the model.