关于国家继承的人性基本思考

A. Augusto, Cançado Trindade
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引用次数: 0

摘要

从历史的角度来看,在非殖民化的具体情况下,对新出现的独立国家来说,重新开始的原则似乎是最合理的解决办法,但是国家继承也发生在其他情况下。因此,在不同的背景和不同的历史时刻,围绕着这个问题的复杂性。虽然整个九十年代关于这个问题的国际惯例似乎并不总是统一或完全结论性的,但是,在国家继承的范围内,它确实包含支持有关人权和人道主义法的传统义务的连续性的重要因素。几乎不能否认,现在出现了一种有利于维持有关保护人的权利的传统义务的推定。这一假设反过来又揭示了当代国际社会所共有的基本价值观,这种价值观高于个别国家的“意志”。关键词:传统的义务;人权;国际社会;国际法;国家继承
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Basic Considerations of Humanity in Relation to State Succession
In historical perspective, the clean slate principle appeared as the most reasonable solution for the newly-emerged independent States within the specific context of decolonization, but State succession has occurred also in other contexts. Hence the complexities which have surrounded the matter in varying contexts and in distinct historical moments. Although the international practice on the matter throughout the nineties does not appear always uniform or wholly conclusive, it does contain, however, significant elements in support of the continuity of conventional obligations pertaining to human rights and humanitarian law, in the context of State succession. It could hardly be denied that nowadays a presumption has arisen in favour of the subsistence of conventional obligations pertaining to the protection of the rights of the human person. This presumption, in turn, discloses the fundamental values shared by the contemporary international community, overriding the "will" of individual States.Keywords:conventional obligations; human rights; international community; international law; state succession
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Index Peaceful Settlement of International Disputes: Current State and Perspectives Conceptual Constructions: Jus Cogens and Obligations Erga Omnes The Material Source of International Law: Manifestations of the Universal Juridical Conscience Basic Considerations of Humanity in Relation to the Law of Treaties
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