印度多用途合作营销社团的功能瓶颈

D. Shah
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引用次数: 0

摘要

本研究于2004- 2005年在马哈拉施特拉邦进行,重点研究了两个多用途合作社的案例,这些合作社主要从事水果销售,但其业务范围遍及其他各种营销活动,包括投入和信贷交付。综合案例研究表明,它们的低效运作有多种原因,其中重要的原因包括缺乏运输设施和训练有素的工作人员、管理效率低下、私营贸易商的干预、佣金过高、偿还贷款、违约率、利率结构、私营贸易商的态度、缺乏专门的领导、成员转移劣质产品、采购不足等。事实上,这两个社会在研究市场力量方面都表现出不好的把握,或者表现出低效率,因为它们在管理社会方面或在社会运作中涉及到自己的个人利益方面存在内部缺陷。这些社团无法为维护和促进自身利益及其成员的利益而游说,从而产生盟友。由于内部利益-创业群体在提供专注和高效管理方面的存在性很低,据报道董事会成员以自我为中心,缺乏对社会成长的动力,这对这些社团的工作产生了不利影响。此外,由于缺乏资金和社团遭受的损失,再加上领导人的私利,成员农民现在将他们的产品转移给其他私人商人。就这些社会在未来的运作而言,这当然会产生一些不利的影响。但是,有人建议应作出努力,纠正这些合作社在销售高价值作物方面的运作缺陷。这些销售协会制定或发起的一些补救措施和战略,特别是在收回其贷款垫款方面,肯定会提高其今后的效率和运作。政府在这方面的支持将对提高在马哈拉施特拉邦运作的各种初级合作营销协会的总体功效和效率以及运作产生催化作用。
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Functional Bottlenecks of Multipurpose Cooperative Marketing Societies in India
The present study, carried out in the state of Maharashtra during 2004-05, focuses on two cases of multipurpose cooperatives dealing mainly with the marketing of fruits but having their spectrum spread over various other marketing activities, including input and credit delivery. The synthesis of case studies shows multifarious reasons for their inefficient functioning and important among them revolve around lack of transport facility and trained staff, inefficient management, interference of private traders, excessive commission, repayment of loan, default rate, interest rate structure, attitude of private traders, lack of dedicated leadership, diversion of poor quality of produce by members, shortfall in procurement, etc. In fact, both the societies have shown poor grasp either in terms of studying the market forces or shown inefficiency because of their own internal drawbacks in terms of managing the societies or their own personal interests involved in the functioning of the society. The societies are unable to generate allies for lobbing to safeguard as well as promoting their own interests and the interests of their members. Since the existence of internal interest-cum-entrepreneurial group in providing a dedicated and efficient management stands very low, as the members of the board are reported to be self-centered with lack of motivation in terms of growth of the society, there has been adverse impact on the working of these societies. Further, because of lack of funds and losses incurred by the societies coupled with self-interests of the leaders, the member farmers are now diverting their produce to other private traders. This certainly has some adverse implications insofar as the functioning of these societies even in future is concerned. However, it is suggested that efforts should be made to rectify the deficiencies in the functioning of these cooperative societies dealing with the marketing of high value crops. Some remedial measures and strategies framed or initiated by these marketing societies, particularly in respect of recovery of their loan advances, will certainly improve their efficiency and functioning in future. Government support in this respect will have a catalytic effect in improving the overall efficacy and efficiency, as well as functioning, of various Primary Cooperative Marketing Societies (PCMS) operating in Maharashtra.
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