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摘要

毫无疑问,作为一种技能或才能的“外交”艺术对那些在Stanisław国王统治时期追求职业道路的人是有益的。这种属性或能力使那些喜欢它的人更容易做出事业,也使他们更容易在公共生活中保持漂浮。这些技能使一个特定的人脱颖而出。然而,所提出的例子证明了贫穷贵族进步的可能性。在Stanisław国王统治时期,进步是由天资和才能决定的。尽管关系和背景是重要的因素,但它们的重要性逐渐减弱,但明显可见。然而,这种变化并没有完全改变人们对国家的看法。造就精英的新标准并不总是与意识形态问题有关。在许多情况下,一位参议员的当选,现在不是由于他的关系或背景,而是由于他的才能、才能和同名的“外交才能”,以特殊的方式思考。不幸的是,他并不总是考虑到整个捷克人民的利益。然而,让我们承认,他努力将自己的利益与他所经营的土地的需求结合起来。
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Sztuka „dyplomacji” i jej znaczenie w wewnętrznym życiu publicznym czasów stanisławowskich – o klientelizmie i nieprzypadkowych karierach myśli kilka
No doubt the art of “diplomacy” as a skill or talent was beneficial to those who pursued a career path in the period of King Stanisław’s reign. This property or capability made it easier for those who enjoyed it to make a career and it also made it easier for them to keep afloat in the public life. Such skills enabled a given person to stand out. However, the examples which are presented demonstrate the possibilities of the advancement of poor noblemen. In the period of King Stanisław’s reign advancement was determined by aptitude and talent. Even though connections and background were important factors, their significance diminished gradually but discernibly. However, this change did not entirely entail a change of the thinking about the state. The new criteria of the making of elites were not always associated with ideological questions. In many cases a senator who was created, now not owing to his connections or background but owing to his talent, aptitude and the eponymous “diplomatic talent”, thought in particularistic terms. Unfortunately, he did not always take into account the interests of the entire Rzeczpospolita. However, let us admit that he strove to combine his interests with the demands of the land in which he operated.
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