EEG Sinyallerinde Epilepsi ve Psödo (sahte) Nöbetlerinin Belirlenmesi: Kısa Derleme Detection Methods of Pseudo and Epileptic Seizures from EEG signals: A Short Review

The seizure is a chain of abnormal neurological functions caused by the abnormal electrical discharge of neurons in the brain. The most common is epileptic seizures (ES) which are caused by sudden and uncontrolled electrical discharges in brain cells. A routine 20-minute electroencephalogram (EEG) determines whether the brain’s electrical activity is normal, or the presence of an electrical focus leading to epilepsy. However, the only EEG test by itself is not enough to establish a diagnosis of epileptic seizures. Another seizure known as Psychogenic Nonepileptic Seizures (PNES) is not involuntary electrical abnormal discharges results from psychological conditions rather than brain function. PNES can mimic the many manifestations of epilepsy. The similarity of these two types of seizures poses diagnostic challenges that often lead to delayed diagnosis of PNES. The diagnosis of PNES also involves high-cost hospital admission and monitoring using video-electroencephalogram machines (VEM). Due to economic feasibility and the tediousness of VEM, alternative methods are being researched to differentiate PNES and ES. In this study, we present a summary of the methods and obtained results for epileptic and non-epileptic (pseudo) seizure detection in the literature.