Forest Fire Monitoring System using WSNs Technology

Forest fires contribute to air pollution, which is one of the disasters, and adversely affects the environment because foggy particles along with carbon particles in a fire. Forest fires in the dry season occur in most of Indonesia’s forestry areas. Riau Province is located on the island of Sumatra, Indonesia, in an area with a high likelihood of forest fires due to typical peatlands. The purpose of this research is to design and contribute to new technologies for fire detection using Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) Technology and intelligent software for accurate fire detection. This study proposes WSNs for the detection of forest fires in peat areas using sensor nodes with several embedded sensors for accurate fire detection. The sensor node prototype was designed and tested in a laboratory to check results and calibrate it to the real environment. Four sensors are embedded with temperature and humidity sensors, fire and smoke detection sensors and particle sensors. It analyses with intelligent software to get accurate information and data from the fire, including location, detection of values from all sensors. The results show that WSNs sensor nodes can detect fires and send information about all parameters that indicate forest fires. The design and development of WSN sensor nodes is to assist local governments or institutions to overcome existing problems, particularly in Riau Province and Indonesia, due to forest fires.