Endoscopic Spine Surgery: Indications and Techniques

Lippincott Continuing Medical Education Institute is accredited by the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education to provide continuing medical education for physicians. Lippincott Continuing Medical Education Institute designates this enduring material for a maximum of 1.5 AMA PRA Category 1 CreditsTM. Physicians should claim only the credit commensurate with the extent of their participation in the activity. To earn CME credit, you must read the CME article and complete the quiz and evaluation assessment survey on the enclosed form, answering at least 70% of the quiz questions correctly. This activity expires on September 30, 2020. LEARNING OBJECTIVES: After participating in this CME activity, the spine surgeon should be better able to: 1. Evaluate the history and advancement of endoscopic spine surgery and where opportunity lies for the future advances. 2. Interpret the clinical indications for endoscopic spine surgery. 3. Compare techniques for endoscopic spine surgery for the treatment of lumbar disc herniations, including the transforaminal and intralaminar approaches.