二阶微分方程与不同类型非线性乘积的缓变导数解的渐近表示

O. Chepok
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摘要

从19世纪下半叶开始,显著的非线性非自治微分方程开始出现在原子和核物理以及天体物理学中实际物理过程的研究中。本文研究了一类右部含有一个未知函数的正则快速变化非线性与它的一阶导数乘积的微分方程。这类方程的部分情况,首先出现在燃烧理论和等离子体理论中。关于这类方程解的渐近性的第一个重要结果,是关于二阶微分方程,它的右边包含幂非线性和指数非线性的乘积。因为,以前没有得到过这样的方程。由此,研究二阶一般情况下含正则和快速变化非线性乘积的二阶非线性微分方程解的渐近性,不仅在理论上而且在实际应用上都是具有实际意义的。本文研究了这类方程的Pω(Y0, Y1,±∞)-解的渐近表示及其存在的必要和辅助条件。这类解是最难研究的解之一,因为根据这类函数的先验性质,它们的二阶导数不能通过一阶导数显式地表示出来。本文所得到的结果补充了前人关于所研究方程的Pω(Y0, Y1,±∞)-解的存在性和数量的辅助条件的结果。
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ASYMPTOTIC REPRESENTATIONS OF SOLUTIONS WITH SLOWLY VARYING DERIVATIVES OF THE SECOND ORDER DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS WITH THE PRODUCT OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF NONLINEARITIES
Signi cantly nonlinear non-autonomous di erential equations have begun to appear in practice from the second half of the nineteenth century in the study of real physical processes in atomic and nuclear physics, and also in astrophysics. The di erential equation, that contains in its right part the product of regularly and rapidly varying nonlinearities of an unknown function and its rst-order derivative is considered in the paper. Partial cases of such equations arise, rst of all, in the theory of combustion and in the theory of plasma. The rst important results on the asymptotic behavior of solutions of such equations have been obtained for a second-order di erential equation, that contains the product of power and exponential nonlinearities in its right part. For, no such equations have been obtained before. According to this, the study of the asymptotic behavior of solutions of nonlinear di erential equations of the second order of general case, that contain the product of regularly and rapidly varying nonlinearities as the argument tends either to zero or to in nity, is actual not only from the theoretical but also from the practical point of view. The asymptotic representations, as well as the necessary and su cient conditions of the existence of Pω(Y0, Y1,±∞)-solutions of such equations are investigated in the paper. This class of solutions is the one of the most di cult of studying due to the fact that, by the a priori properties of the functions of the class, their second-order derivatives aren't explicitly expressed through the rst-order derivative. The results obtained in this article supplement the previously obtained results for Pω(Y0, Y1,±∞)-solutions of the investigated equation concerning the su cient conditions of their existence and quantity.
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