乌克兰高等教育机构的社会工作专业资格分配:这有什么问题?

T. Semigina
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摘要

在社会工作中,相当重视专业资格的分配。这可以用社会工作者活动的应用性质和对其服务质量的要求来解释。本文旨在概述当前对专业资格分配的监管要求,并分析培养社会工作专业学生的高等教育机构(HEIs)以及资格认证中心的专业资格分配实践。该研究基于文件分析(乌克兰立法文本和其他法律法规;教育和职业标准;NAQA网站可获得的认证案例材料、教育项目说明等)。通过对规范性文件的分析,确认经批准的职业标准中描述了全部或部分职业资格,包括职业资格名称、工作职能、预期胜任能力等。有意或有意颁授专业资格的高等教育院校,必须考虑有关职业标准的规定。高等教育院校分配专业资格的做法并不符合这些期望。一些职业资格是机构自己发明的,一些来自《职业分类》,一些来自《员工资格特征手册》。高等教育机构并不关注标准或手册所要求的教育水平,也不关注这些文件中规定的学科专业。专业资格的分配主要是自动的,不需要对现有学习者的能力进行额外的验证。与此同时,资格认证中心已经开始在乌克兰运作。他们还分配专业资格,特别是在社会工作方面,但完全以适当的职业标准为基础。该文件讨论了简化和规范专业资格分配问题的可能步骤。
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ASSIGNMENT OF SOCIAL WORK PROFESSIONAL QUALIFICATIONS BY UKRAINIAN HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS: WHAT’S WRONG WITH THIS?
In social work, considerable attention is paid to the assignment of professional qualifications. This could be explained by the applied nature of the activities of social workers and the requirements for the quality of their services.This paper aims to overview the current regulatory requirements for the assignment of professional qualifications and to analyze the practice of their assignment by the higher education institutions (HEIs) that prepare social work students, as well as by qualification centers. The research is based on the document analysis (texts of legislation and other legal regulations of Ukraine; educational and occupational standards; materials of accreditation cases available on the NAQA website, descriptions of educational programs, etc.).The analysis of the normative documents confirms that full or partial professional qualification are described in the approved occupational standard, which contains the name of the professional qualification, job functions, expected competencies, etc. HEIs intending or that intend to award professional qualifications must take into account the requirements of the relevant occupational standard.The practice of assigning professional qualifications in HEIs does not meet these expectations. Some professional qualifications were invented by the institutions themselves, some were taken from the Classifier of Professions, and some from the Handbook of Qualification Characteristics of Employees. HEIs do not pay attention to what level of education is required by the standard or Handbook, what subject specialization is specified in these documents. The assignment of professional qualification is mainly automatic, without additional verification of existing learners’ competencies.At the same time, qualification centers have begun to operate in Ukraine. They also assign professional qualifications, in particular in social work, but exclusively on the basis of the appropriate occupational standard. The paper discusses possible steps to streamline and to regulate the issue of assigning professional qualifications.
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