家庭和非工业消费者燃料使用情况分析

S. Radchenko
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引用次数: 1

摘要

本文的目的是分析乌克兰每个地区人口燃料消耗的现有统计数据。为了找出发展趋势的异同,对乌克兰和世界各国的最终能源消费结构进行了比较。确定了2015年城市居民点和农村单独供热系统的分布程度。对乌克兰各地区家庭部门主要类型燃料的使用情况进行了分析。人口消耗的燃料数量并不线性地取决于该地区个人供暖系统的份额(通过一个例子表明了这一点),因此,为了制定在家庭中扩大使用可再生能源的战略,需要考虑更多因素。2015年乌克兰和世界能源平衡数据(项目“其他”包括住宅部门、商业和公共服务、农业、渔业、其他消费者)对四种主要燃料(煤和泥炭、石油产品、天然气、生物燃料和废物)的消耗进行了比较。结论是,在乌克兰,基本燃料消费的比例符合世界趋势。然而,在分析了最终总能耗的分布后,发现了一定的差异。对各部门使用可再生能源的分析表明,住宅部门是世界和乌克兰可再生能源消费的领导者。在乌克兰,关于生物燃料消费的统计数据主要基于关于木柴和木材生物质消费的信息。这就解释了为什么森林地区的生物燃料消耗比例更高。还应该指出的是,在乌克兰,32%的人口使用的木材是由企业出售给家庭的,68%的木材是由自己准备的。在过去十年中,乌克兰家庭所需的生物质燃料消耗量增加了一倍,它正在日益取代煤炭燃料,从而对环境产生积极影响。
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ANALYSIS OF THE USE OF FUEL BY HOUSEHOLDS AND NON-INDUSTRIAL CONSUMERS
Purpose of the paper is to analyze the available statistical data on fuel consumption by population in every region of Ukraine. To identify similarities and differences in development trends the comparison of structure of final energy consumption in Ukraine and the world was done. The degree of distribution of individual heating systems in urban settlements and rural areas in 2015 is determined. Analysis of the use of the main types of fuel by households sector in regions of Ukraine is performed. The amount of fuel consumed by the population does not linearly depend on the share of individual heating systems in the region (this was shown by an example), therefore to develop strategy for extending the use of renewable energy sources (RES) in the households more factors will need to be considered. Ukrainian and world energy balance data for 2015 (item “Other” which includes residential sector, commerce and public services, agriculture, fishing, other consumers) on the consumption of four main types of fuel (coal and peat, oil products, natural gas, biofuels and waste) were compared. It was concluded that in Ukraine the proportion of basic fuels consumption corresponds to world trends. However, after analyzing the distribution of total final energy consumption certain differences were observed. Analysis of renewable energy sources use by sectors has demonstrated that the residential sector is the leader in renewable energy sources consumption both in the world and in Ukraine. In Ukraine statistical data on biofuel consumption is mainly based on information about firewood and wood biomass consumption. This explains the higher percentage of biofuel consumption in forested areas. It should also be noted that in Ukraine 32% of the wood used by population was sold to households by enterprises and 68% was obtained from self-preparation. Over the past decade consumption of biomass fuel for household needs in Ukraine has doubled, and it is increasingly replacing coal fuel, thus exerting a positive impact on the environment.
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