训练负荷决定竞走运动员35公里运动表现的因素分析

J. Broďáni, M. Spisiak, M. Morvay
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摘要

这项工作是指在35公里竞走比赛中决定运动成绩的训练指标组。我们使用探索性因子分析将指标简化为若干因子的集合。为了判断其适用性,我们采用KMO统计和Bartlet球度检验(BTS)进行检验。我们还使用正交旋转Quartimax来最小化因子的数量。利用变异率为65,38 %的三组训练指标解释了基于主成分法的估计。第一组因子(33.21%)由强节奏步行速度(STI 101)、广泛特定耐力(STI 104)、强节奏和广泛节奏耐力(STI 105和STI 106)以及有氧耐力(STI 107)指标组成。第二组因素(18.67%)由大节奏步行速度(STI 102)和高强度特定耐力(STI 103)产生。从有氧步行极限指标可以确定第三个因素(13.50%)STI 108。各因素均被单项指标正饱和。研究结果是指决定竞走运动员在一个新的运动项目中运动表现的训练指标的个体内部结构。建议的因素模型可用于规划训练声音的音量和强度的周期。我们将从确定竞走者在35公里运动极限2:34:00竞走比赛中的运动表现的训练手段的客观类别出发。
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Factor analysis of training load determining a sport performance of a race walker for 35 kilometres
The work refers to the groups of training indicators which determine a sport performance at 35 kilometer walking race. We used an exploration factor analysis to reduce the indicators into the sets of some factors. As we wanted to judge its suitability KMO statistics and Bartlet test of sphericity (BTS) were adopted for the test. We also employed ortogonal rotation Quartimax to minimize the number of the factors. The estimation based on the method of the main components is explained with help of three clusters of training indicators with the variability of 65,38 %. The cluster of the first set of factors (33,21 %) was made by indicators of intensive tempo walking speed (STI 101), extensive specific endurance (STI 104), intensive and extensive tempo endurance (STI 105 a STI 106) and also aerobic endurance (STI 107). The second set of factors (18,67 %) was created by extensive tempo walking speed (STI 102) and intensive specific endurance (STI 103). It was possible to define the third factor (13,50 %) STI 108 from the indicators of aerobic walking limit. All the factors are saturated positively by individual indexes. Theresults refer to an intraindividual structure of training indicators which determine a sport performance of a race walker at a new athletic discipline. The suggested model of factors can be used while planning the periodization of an volume and intensity of a training loud. We will start from the objective categories of training means which determine a sport performance of walkers at a walking race for 35 kilometers at the sport limit 2:34:00.
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