Integration of ground-penetrating radar data, global positioning systems, and geographic information systems to create three-dimensional soil models

Three-dimensional modeling of Ground-Penetrating-Radar (GPR) surveys is increasing in popularity and demand. Combining GPR data with other georeferenced data using Global Positioning Systems (GPS) and Geographic Information Systems (GIS) would allow for more detailed and efficient site analysis and planning. Integrating GPR and GPS data into a geographic information system (GIS) has not been investigated in Florida. Thus, the objectives ofthis research are to (i) identify subsurface soil horizons using GPR, (ii) create a three-dimensional (3D) subsurface model based on imported GPR data, and (iii) develop a procedure to import GPR data into a GIS. The soils investigated are located in Marion County, Florida, and are characterized by Pleistocene-age sands over the clayey, marine deposited Miocene-age Hawthorn Formation, which drapes the Eocene-age Ocala Limestone. GPR transects of different lengths and spacing were collected and georeferenced using GPS to determine the subsurface variation of the Hawthorn Formation and location of karstic features. The GPR and GPS information was incorporated into ArcView and ArcGIS software. The information generated by integrating GPR, GIS, and GPR may assist researchers in determining best management practices including experimental plot placement, irrigation management, fertilizer treatments, and pesticides applications.