协作对话中说话人变异性的社会和情境因素

Tatiana V. Kachkovskaia, A. Menshikova, D. Kocharov, Pavel Kholiavin, Anna Mamushina
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引用次数: 2

摘要

对话中说话人声音的声学特征会因各种情境因素而发生变化,如沟通的成功程度、对话者之间的社会距离、会话角色等。本文分析了基本韵律特征——音高、强度和语速——在说话者性别、会话角色(信息领导者与追随者)和社会距离上的变化。本研究以兄妹语音语料库为基础,对话者之间的社会距离呈现出五种程度:同性兄弟姐妹之间的对话、同性朋友之间的对话、同性和异性陌生人之间的对话、不同年龄和社会地位的陌生人之间的对话。每对对话者都玩了一个纸牌配对游戏,并执行了一个经典的地图任务。会话角色因素对所分析的语音特征:音高、强度和语速均有显著影响。不像音高和响度,性别对语速没有影响。研究表明,社交距离对说话速度起着重要作用(例如,与不同年龄和社会地位的陌生人对话时,说话速度往往较低),而且,在与其他因素的互动中,对音调和音量也有影响。任务类型也有显著的影响:纸牌匹配游戏vs.地图任务。
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Social and situational factors of speaker variability in collaborative dialogues
The acoustic features of the speaker’s voice in dialogues are li-able to change due to various situational factors, such as success of communication, social distance between the interlocutors, conversational roles etc. This paper presents an analysis of variation in the basic prosodic features—pitch, intensity, and speech tempo—across speakers’ gender, conversational role (informa-tion leader vs. follower), and social distance. The research is based on the SibLing speech corpus where five degrees of social distance between the interlocutors are presented: there are dialogues between same-gender siblings, same-gender friends, same-gender and opposite-gender strangers, strangers of different age and social status. Each pair of interlocutors played a card-matching game and performed a classical map task. The factor of conversational role revealed a significant influence on all the analysed speech features: pitch, intensity, and speech tempo. Gender was not found to influence speech tempo, unlike pitch and loudness. Social distance was shown to play a significant role for speech tempo (e.g., it tends to be lower in dialogues with strangers of different age and social sta-tus), and also, in interaction with other factors, for pitch and loudness. There was also a significant influence of the type of task: card-matching game vs. map task.
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