Temperature-Triggered Failure Hazard Mitigation of Transformers Subject to Geomagnetic Disturbances

Geomagnetic Disturbances (GMDs) could potentially damage the power grid through reactive power losses and overheating the high-voltage power transformers. A high-impact Low-frequency event such as GMD could induce a hotspot temperature rise over the transformer's overall temperature during a full load condition leading to an accelerated asset loss of life and increased risk of failure. This paper focuses on the impact of GMDs on transformers heating and its consequences on transformer's loss of life cycle and failure risk. Moreover, this paper proposes a transformer hazard mitigation approach to reduce the temperature-dependent transformer risk of failure. The proposed method is tested in the synthetic Texas 2000-bus grid, and the results are numerically analysed, demonstrating the effectiveness of the algorithm.