Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations—FAO

Since 1981, the São Paulo Forest Institute (lFSP) has been conserving ex situ Gallesia goraremo (pau d'alho) populations in São Paulo State. The ex situ conservation bank is located at Luiz Antonio Experimental Station, in a compact family block design, with three populations, 17 to 21 families per population, five individuais per subplot and six replications. The DBH, height, volume and survival traits were measured at ten years old. Variation analysis for ali traits revealed significant genetic differences among populations and families/population. The components of variation showed that the most of genetic va1iability was within popúlation. The genetic and phenotypic correlations between traits were high (> 0.8) showing the possibility of selection 111 one trait while obtaining gain in another. The genetic gain within families showed the possibility to obtain expressive gains (minimum 5.7%). Finally, the effective size estimation and the low probability of not retaining rare alleles within populat1ons revealed that the adopted sampling strate�y was efficient to preserve the intrapopulational evolutionary potential and retain at least rare alleles withm each population.