柔道练习者和手球运动员的运动速度取决于跑步的路线

Andrzej Dudkowski, A. Rokita, Maciej Majorowski, P. Chmura, W. Błach
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引用次数: 1

摘要

格斗运动,尤其是柔道,属于无循环运动,其特点是努力强度多变,格斗条件变化频繁[1]。同时,柔道练习者的动作必须非常准确和快速,否则,在战斗中应用的技术是无效的。由于这些原因,这项运动被归类为协调复杂性的最高级别,即第三级[2]。然而,研究人员很少在这项运动中解决运动协调和速度努力的问题。运动协调主要依赖于基于神经系统特性的物理过程。在可访问的文献中,有5[3]到11[4]的基本(基本)协调技能的定义。高水平的协调技能是学习新技术元素的效率以及进行体育比赛的方式的条件,特别是在开放式运动结构主导的体育运动中[5,6]。一项运动中技术的丰富程度直接影响到运动协调的重要性。在技术复杂的运动(如柔术或摔跤)中,它是最重要的组成部分[3]。在科学辩论中,当比较柔道中所选择的运动技能的体格参数时,研究人员寻求一个最优的解决方案来回答哪个特征特别容易使运动员获得最高可能的结果[7,8]。手球比赛的力度是基于自然动作,如跑、跳或扔。比赛场地面积大(40mx20m场地),身体接触频繁,动作速度快,要求运动员不仅在技战术上做好充分的准备,而且在运动技巧上也要做好充分的准备。由于变化的数量是无限的,所以
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Speed of moving in judo practitioners and handball players depending on a route of running
Combat sports, especially judo, are among acyclic sports which are characterised by changeable intensity of effort and frequent changes of fight conditions [1]. At the same time, movements of judo practitioners have to be very accurate and fast, otherwise, the techniques applied during the fight are ineffective. For these reasons, this sport is classified as being on the highest, i.e. the third level of coordinative complexity [2]. Nevertheless, researchers rarely tackle the issue of motor coordination and a speed effort in this sport. Movement coordination depends on physical processes based primarily on the nervous system properties. In the accessible literature there are definitions of 5 [3] up to 11 [4] basic (elementary) coordinative skills. A high level of coordinative skills conditions the efficiency of learning new technical elements as well as the way of conducting sports competition, particularly in sports dominated by open motor structures [5, 6]. The richness of techniques in a given sport influences di rectly the importance of motor coordination in this sport. In the technically complex sports (such as jujutsu or wrestling) it is the most important component [3]. In scientific debate while comparing physique parameters with chosen motor skills in judo, researchers seek an optimal solution in response to the question of which features especially predispose players to achieve the highest possible results [7,8]. Game effort in handball is based on natural movements such as running, jumping or throwing. A large area of the game (40mx20m court), constant physical contact and the speed of actions necessitate perfect preparation of the players not only with regard to techniques and tactics, but also concerning their motor skills. Due to an unlimited number of changes, the
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