Intercomparison and amalgamation of interferometer and Raman lidar data

The ground-based Atmospheric Emitted Radiance Interferometer and the aircraft ER-2 High resolution Interferometer Sounder have operated simultaneously with the GSFC Raman lidar during several field experiments; FIRE II/Spectre at Coffeyville Kansas during November-December 1991, and CAMEX at Wallops Island, Virginia during September-October 1993, and the ARM Single Column Model IOP at Lament, Oklahoma during April 1994. These data are used to validate simultaneous retrievals of atmospheric moisture by the three instruments. These data are used to investigate the extent to which passive radiometric soundings of atmospheric temperature, from the ground and from aircraft or satellite, can be improved by using detailed water vapor profiles supplied by active systems such as the Raman lidar.<>