Multitemporal Sentinel-1SAR Interferometry for Surface Deformation Monitoring near High Dam in Aswan, Egypt

The area in the downstream of Aswan High Dam is subjected to many factors that may cause a deformation on the earth surface. The existence of Lake Naser, the hesitated water table and its bad effect and the tectonic activities increase the possibility of surface elevation changes. In this study, Multitemporal Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) images and Differential SAR Interferometry (DinSAR) technique were used to derive terrain deformation measurements over the area near Aswan high dam. The data were processed using SNAP, Sentinel Application Platform and a two-pass interferometry technique with the help of the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) is performed. Based on the results, all interferograms performed have high coherence while the pixels represent water surface had a low coherence value. The surface elevation changes range between -6.5 cm and +2.4 cm in 2017, while in 2018 it ranges between -5.2 cm and +6.6 cm. it is recommended to use a longer observation time period with three-pass interferogram technique to give the independence of the external low-resolution DEM and map the annual rates of movement.