SRG/eROSITA在前四次全天巡天期间的状态和操作

D. Coutinho, M. Ramos-Ceja, K. Dennerl, F. Haberl, N. Meidinger, A. Merloni, P. Predehl, I. Stewart, M. Freyberg, W. Bornemann, H. Brunner, V. Burwitz, S. Czesla, J. Eder, S. Friedrich, R. Gaida, A. Gueguen, G. Hartner, W. Kink, I. Kreykenbohm, G. Lamer, C. Maitra, T. Mernik, S. Mueller, P. Nandra, E. Pfeffermann, J. Robrade
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引用次数: 1

摘要

eROSITA(扩展伦琴测量与成像望远镜阵列)是SRG(光谱-伦琴-伽马)任务上的软x射线科学有效载荷。它于2019年7月在拜科努尔成功发射。经过101天的巡航阶段,SRG到达了围绕日地拉格朗日点L2的最终轨道,从那里它已经进行了四次全天巡天。eROSITA是一个复杂的仪器,由7个相同的共对准x射线望远镜组成,焦距为1600毫米,孔径为350毫米。每台望远镜都配有独立的CCD摄像机。冷冗余ITC(接口和热控制器)管理所有7台摄像机以及望远镜和航天器接口的热控制。SRG的巡航阶段用于验证所有系统在发射中幸存下来,并且没有出现功能退化。接下来是主要的科学任务,包括早期的校准和性能验证阶段,然后是全天调查。本文介绍了eROSITA望远镜在前四次全天巡天中的表现。报告介绍了望远镜运行过程中遇到的挑战,以及为了解或尽量减少二级空间环境的影响(如微流星体撞击和探测器的辐射损坏)而实施的运行和减缓战略。
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SRG/eROSITA status and operations during the first four all-sky surveys
eROSITA (extended ROentgen Survey with an Imaging Telescope Array) is the soft X-ray scientific payload on board the SRG (Spektrum-Roentgen-Gamma) mission. It was successfully launched from Baikonur in July 2019. Following a 101 days cruise phase, SRG reached its final orbit around the Sun-Earth Lagrangian point L2, from where it has carried out already four full-sky surveys. eROSITA is a complex instrument composed of seven identical co-aligned X-ray telescopes with a focal length of 1600mm and an aperture of 350mm. Each telescope is equipped with an independent CCD camera. The cold redundant ITC (Interface and Thermal Controller) manages all seven cameras as well as the thermal control of the telescope and the interface to the spacecraft. The cruise phase of SRG was used to verify that all systems had survived launch and no degradation in the functionality was present. Following that, the main science mission, comprised of an early Calibration and Performance Verification Phase, followed by the all-sky survey. This paper presents the performance of the eROSITA telescope during the first four complete all-sky surveys. It presents the challenges encountered during the telescope operations as well as the operations and mitigation strategies put in place to understand or minimize the effects of the space environment in L2, such as micrometeoroid hits and radiation damage of the detectors.
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