作为行政胁迫措施的强迫驱逐外国人和无国籍人

A. Mota, M. Korol
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摘要

考虑到最近立法上的创新,研究了将强迫驱逐外国人和无国籍人作为授权国家机关行政强制措施的法律机构的法律规制问题。分析了对强制驱逐非法移民制度的理解的行政和法律理论立场。应当指出,考虑到该机构法律条例的个别组成部分,这一程序是在授权主体的活动中执行的,包括将非法移徙者移出国家领土,这是移徙性质的一组单独的社会关系。有人认为,强迫驱逐是一种有效的行政胁迫措施,世界上许多国家都使用这种措施,是打击外国人和无国籍人所犯罪行的方法之一。委员会提请注意,乌克兰《行政犯罪法》中使用的“行政驱逐”一词是不恰当的,因为它不符合立法中的实际情况。另外,提请注意的是,强行将外国人和无国籍人驱逐出乌克兰领土是为了实现移民法律和秩序的结果。有人支持不能接受解释“公民使用非法出境方式使其不受社会和法律保护”的规定的立场,并强调在适用强迫驱逐程序时必须遵守普遍承认的人权和自由原则。结论是,对强迫将外国人和无国籍人从乌克兰驱逐出境这一概念作出明确定义,就可以就这类案件的诉讼制定统一的程序程序,从而消除适用这一概念的公共当局的服务活动中的某些问题。
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Forced Expulsion of Foreigners and Stateless Persons as a Measure of Administrative Coercion
The questions of legal regulation of the legal institute of forced expulsion of foreigners and stateless persons as a measure of administrative coercion by the authorized state bodies, taking into account recent innovations in the legislation, are studied. The analysis of administrative and legal theoretical positions on the understanding of the institute of forced expulsion of illegal migrants from the territory of the state is carried out. It is noted that this procedure, taking into account individual components of the legal regulation of this institute is implemented in the activities of authorized subjects and consists in the removal of an illegal migrant outside the territory of the state and is a separate group of social relations of migratory nature. It is argued that forced expulsion is an effective measure of administrative coercion, which is used in many countries of the world, and is one of the ways to combat offenses committed by foreigners and stateless persons. Attention is drawn to the inappropriateness of the use of the term «administrative expulsion», which is used in the Code of Administrative Offences of Ukraine, because it does not correspond to the actual state of affairs in the legislation. Separately, attention is drawn to the fact that the institute of forced deportation of foreigners and stateless persons outside the territory of Ukraine is aimed at achieving the result of migration law and order. The position on the inadmissibility of interpreting the provision that «the use by citizens of illegal ways of departure abroad puts them outside the social and legal protection» is supported, and emphasis is placed on the need to comply with generally recognized principles of human rights and freedoms in the application of forced expulsion procedures. The conclusion that a clear definition of the concept of forced deportation of foreigners and stateless persons from Ukraine allows to legislate uniform procedural procedures for proceedings on these categories of cases, which in turn will eliminate certain problematic issues in the service activities of public authorities, which apply it.
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