Effects of Thumb Size, Pressure, Position, Nail, and Skin on Dielectric Resonator Glucose Sensor

This work presents an extensive analysis of five uncertain variables of human thumb on a non-invasive glucose sensor made of a dielectric resonator antenna, operating at 4.899 GHz. A realistic 3D electromagnetic human thumb model is proposed, considering five uncertain variables namely, thumb size, pressure, position, nail length, and skin thickness. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first work which presents such extensive treatment of the aforementioned variables altogether under a single framework. Moreover, the proposed sensor yields a 30 MHz shift of resonance frequency due to thumb displacement over an area of $10\ \text{mm}\times 10\ \text{mm}$, which is the lowest among the reported microwave non-invasive glucose sensors.