Some reproductive characteristics in common donkey male (Equus asinus)-A mini review

In contrary to most domestic livestock species, the common donkey (Equus asinus) is widely known as an animal with a marked seasonality in reproductive activity .The annual cycle of daily photoperiod has been identified as the determining factor in the sexual activity. A synthesis of the particularities of donkey reproduction is important and constitutes a basis of scientific reflection for managing asine livestock farms and to establish a well conservation plan for the different breeds around the world. It is necessary to have a perfect knowledge of the seasonal physiological changes in order to optimize the reproductive characteristics in donkeys.The objective of this paper is to review the current state of knowledge on the reproductionseasonality in common donkey. We start with a remainder of some anatomical of the genital apparatus and sexual behavior aspects. Moreover, the investigations undertaken by many authors reveal the influence of the season on testicular biometry, histology, seminal and hormonal parameters in male donkeys’ populations. In conclusion, despite scientific controversy on reproductive seasonal character in donkeys, it could likely be influenced by several factors mainly the photoperiod.