民族解放斗争的史前史

Peter Hallward
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摘要

20世纪50年代至70年代,阿尔及利亚、古巴、越南和安哥拉等国的民族解放运动都有一些具体但普遍的原则,这些原则也是贝尼塔·帕里工作的核心。实现真正的人民主权仍然是解放道路上的一个中心和必要阶段。本章首先简要介绍这些原则,然后再考虑采用这些原则的艰难历史中的一些重要时刻,最后唤起它们的含义的持续相关性。如果主权权力本质上采取命令的形式,托马斯·霍布斯和后来的主权理论家进一步解释说,命令本身最好被理解为一种政治意愿的行使。作为一种人民意志的表达,主权正如让-雅克·卢梭所理解的,它不仅随着人民实际和具体地概括其优先事项和目的的能力而变化。
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Towards a Pre-History of National Liberation Struggle
The national liberation movements of the 1950s–1970s in countries like Algeria, Cuba, Vietnam, and Angola shared a number of specific but generalisable principles, principles that are also central to Benita Parry's work. The achievement of genuine popular sovereignty remains a central and essential stage along the path to liberation. This chapter begins with a brief reminder of these principles, before moving on to consider some essential moments in the arduous history of their adoption, and finally to evoke the ongoing pertinence of their implications. If sovereign power essentially takes the form of command, Thomas Hobbes and subsequent theorists of sovereignty further explain that command itself is best understood as an exercise of political will. As an expression of a people's will, sovereignty as Jean-Jacques Rousseau understands it varies not only with this people's capacity to actually and concretely generalise their priorities and purposes.
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