Controlled Airspace infringements and warning system

A major concern for Air traffic controllers (ATC) are facing on a daily basis are controlled Airspace (CAS) infringements. An infringement is when aircraft penetrates CASs without an advanced clearance from the ATC. These infringement may cause a conflict or a midair collision with a commercial aircraft flying within CAS. As a result, a ground based safety net called Controlled Airspace infringement Tool (CAIT) is used by ATCs which warns them if any aircraft within uncontrolled airspace (UCAS) has penetrated (CAS). In our previous paper, we developed a probabilistic CAS infringement tool (PCAIT) that predicts future aircraft locations using the Kalman filter and calculate their probability of infringement. In this paper, we review the factors behind CAS infringements and build a classifier based on them to enhance our decision about future infringements. This model “warning system” could provide ATCs with more time to resolve any possible future conflicts.