The Association of Factor V Leiden Mutation With Recurrent Pregnancy Loss Using Activated Protein C Resistance Test (Case-Control Study)

Background: Recurrent pregnancy loss is considered as a major devastating obstetric and gynecological health problem. Many clinicians define RPL as three or more consecutive pregnancies ending spontaneously before the 20th week of gestation. Aim of the Work: to investigate prevalence of FVL mutation in women with RPL using, a less time and money consuming test, APCR test. Patients and Methods: We compared the prevalence of FVL among 83 patients with history of 3 or more first tri-mesteric pregnancy losses (the case group) with an equal number of women with no history of RPL (the control group), recruited from the RPL outpatient clinic at the Obstetrics and Gynecology Department of Ain Shams University Maternity Hospital, during the period between April 2018 till June 2019. Results: Abnormal APCR test values were found in a total of 22 women in our study, 7 women in the control group (8.4%) and 15 in the case group (18.07%) with no statistically significant differences. However, in further assessment of case group, two patients in the case group with abnormal APC value, suffered from DVT episodes, representing 13.3% of 15 patient with abnormal APCR. The P value was statistically significant, which mean that the present of APCR might increase the risk for DVT Conclusion: Isolated FVL is unlikely to be an important cause for RPL as no statistically significant difference is found between the case and control groups.