国外和国内住宅房地产质量水平评估的经验

Natal'ya Aleksandrovna Kropotukhina
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摘要

本研究的主题是建筑产品的质量管理。提高建筑质量是非常重要的,因为它可以延长住宅建筑的使用寿命,降低其运营成本。对此,通过对国内外住宅房地产对象质量水平评估方法的分析和比较,将揭示我国在提高住宅质量领域的发展方向。本文研究了国内外建筑工程质量管理和质量控制体系,重点介绍了国外质量体系的参数和原理、与其他组织的互动、质量组织、规范性文件,并在此基础上对现有体系进行了比较分析。许多国家的产品质量都很高,尤其是建筑。提高我国的建筑质量也非常重要,因为这增加了住宅建筑的使用寿命并降低了其运营成本。对此,通过对国内外住宅房地产质量水平评估方法的分析和比较,可以看出我国在提高住宅质量领域的发展方向。在本研究中,为了识别不同国家的住宅房地产建设质量控制体系,采用了这些控制体系的以下特征:(1)质量体系的原则;(2)与其他组织的互动;(3)监管机构;(四)规范性文件。本研究采用的施工质量控制体系的特点,可作为发达国家施工质量控制体系应用的经验。考察了国外在俄罗斯控制系统方法和原理方面的经验。
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Foreign̆ and domestic̆ experience in assessing the quality level of residential̆ real estate
The subject of the study is the quality management of construction products. Improving the quality of construction is extremely important, as it prolongs the life of residential buildings and reduces their operating costs. In this regard, the analysis and comparison of foreign and domestic approaches to assessing the level of quality of residential real estate objects will reveal the directions of development in the field of improving the quality of housing in our country. The article studies foreign and domestic systems of management and quality control of construction, highlights the parameters and principles of the quality system of foreign countries, interaction with other organizations, quality organizations, regulatory documents, according to which a comparative analysis of existing systems is carried out. Many countries have a high level of quality of their products, in particular construction. Improving the quality of construction in our country is also very important, as this increases the service life of residential buildings and reduces the cost of their operation. In this regard, analyzing and comparing the foreign and domestic approach to assessing the quality level of residential real estate, you can see the directions of development in the field of improving the quality of housing in our country. In this study, in order to identify quality control systems for the construction of residential real estate in different countries, the following characteristics of such control systems are adopted: (1) the principle of the quality system, (2) interaction with other organizations; (3) the supervisory authority; (4) regulatory documents. The characteristics of construction quality control systems adopted in this study are considered as the experience of such use in developed countries. The foreign experience in approaches and principles of control systems in Russia is investigated.
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