18世纪德国研究中偏见的持续存在

M. Daley
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摘要

在我最近一本关于1800年前后德国女性小说家的书中,我认为,无论学者们是否愿意,1800年前后的德国文学经典都是存在的。乐观主义者可能会反驳说,选择书名有多种标准和方法。一种更悲观的观点是,尽管女权主义文学批评家和理论家至少掀起了三波变革,但从德国研究领域来看,性别视角(更不用说性别歧视视角)依然存在。意见当然是有分歧的。在这篇思考文章中,我持悲观的观点,是的,我们有一部佳能,尽管有进展和新的研究,但不幸的是,它一直倾向于男性偏见。我提出这一观点是希望能激发讨论,并为该领域的积极变化做出积极贡献。为了支持我的观点,我以学者的身份为其他学者辩护,首先回顾与正典相关的问题,并对自己进行评估,衡量时代是如何变化的,以及时代是如何不变的,将德国文学中女性作家的具体情况与人文学科的总体发展进行比较。1783年,sophie von La Roche在她的杂志《Pomona f r Teutschlands Töchter》中发表了下面这段话,她以女性的身份直接向读者讲述了女性:
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The Persistence of Bias in German Eighteenth-Century Studies
in My recent book on German women novelists around 1800, i argue that a canon of German literature around 1800 exists, whether scholars desire it or not. optimists might counterargue that there are multiple canons, multiple methods by which titles are selected. a more pessimistic view would look at the field of German studies and see the persistence of a gendered, not to say sexist lens, despite at least three waves of change brought on by feminist literary critics and theorists. opinion is certainly divided. in this think piece, i take the pessimistic view that yes, we have a canon and despite inroads and new research, it unfortunately skews persistently toward male bias. i put forth this viewpoint in hopes of stimulating discussion and contributing actively to positive change in the field. To support my opinion, i argue as a scholar for other scholars and begin by looking back at the same relevant issues of canonicity and period themselves and measure both how times have changed and how they have not, comparing the specific case of women authors in German literature to more general developments in the humanities overall. in 1783, sophie von La Roche published the passage below in her journal, Pomona für Teutschlands Töchter, addressing her readers directly, speaking as a woman to women about women:
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