Energy aware routing algorithm for WSN applications in border surveillance

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are widely used in various applications for tracking or surveillance purposes. Border security monitoring and terrorist attack prevention are just two of many crucial homeland security applications which rely upon WSN technologies. In these applications, a great amount of sensors powered by batteries are deployed in a particular region. They detect events, process and relay data to the sink node at the base station. Power conservation is critical to these sensors. In this paper, we propose a routing algorithm which separates the sensor nodes to several scheduling sets and keeps track of the energy level of each sensor. This algorithm balances power consumption among sensors, and therefore prolongs the network lifetime. Simulation results verify that our algorithm outperforms the EECCR algorithm proposed in [1].