监测美国和俄罗斯联邦关于混凝土和钢筋混凝土要求的标准文件

V. Stepanova, A. Buchkin, K. Kudyakov, S. Khlebnikov
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介绍。俄罗斯联邦政府向俄罗斯建筑、住房和公用事业部提出的制定建筑技术条例的紧迫任务之一是恢复建筑监测系统,以便及时更新,消除出现的重复和矛盾。同时,新的建筑材料、技术和设计方法要求不断完善标准框架,并在建筑和构筑物建设中加强俄罗斯和国际标准和法规的协调。本文介绍了俄罗斯和北美标准技术文件对混凝土、钢筋混凝土和钢筋混凝土产品设定要求的监测结果。对俄罗斯和美国建筑业的标准技术文件进行比较分析,并提出统一的建议。材料和方法。本研究对国内外混凝土及钢筋混凝土标准化要求领域的技术文献进行了综述、整理和分析,并对该领域的技术法规研究项目和文献进行了研究。作者为制定新的业务守则和国家标准提出了建议。本文介绍了一份研究清单,可以作为制定新技术标准以及调整和更新先前批准的技术标准的先决条件。作者指出了美国和俄罗斯联邦技术法规体系之间的显著差异,以及标准要求的不协调。结果表明,对国内外标准技术文件进行领域分解和规范区域进行深入分析的后续监测是可行的。作为监测工作的一部分提出的建议可以促进国家科学和标准框架的发展。
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Monitoring of standard documents of the USA and Russian Federation in terms of requirements for concrete and reinforced concrete
Introduction. One of the urgent tasks for the development of technical regulation on construction, set by the Government of the Russian Federation and addressed to the Ministry of Construction, Housing and Utilities of Russia, is to restore the monitoring system in construction for its timely updating, eliminating duplications and contradictions that arise. Meanwhile, new building materials, technologies and design methods demand continuous improvement of the standard framework and increase in the harmonization of Russian and international standards and regulations in the construction of buildings and structures. The paper presents the monitoring results of Russian and North American standard technical documentation setting requirements for concrete, reinforced concrete and reinforced concrete products.Aim. To conduct a comparative analysis of standard technical documentation in construction industry of Russia and the United States and prepare suggestions for their harmonization.Materials and methods. The study involved a review, systematization and analysis of national and foreign technical documents in the field of standardization of requirements for concrete and reinforced concrete, as well as research projects and bibliography concerning technical regulation in this field.Results. The authors produced suggestions for the development of new codes of practice and state standards. The present paper introduced a list of research which can be used as prerequisites for developing new, as well as adjusting and updating previously approved technical standards. The authors noted significant differences between technical regulation systems in the USA and Russian Federation, as well as poor harmonization of standards requirements.Conclusion. The results obtained indicate the feasibility of subsequent monitoring of national and foreign standard technical documentation with domain decomposition and specification of areas for in-depth analysis. The suggestions made as part of the monitoring work can contribute to the development of the national scientific and standard framework. 
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